Friday, July 30, 2010

Network Sniffer

I was looking for this project from a long time before thanks to MJSniffer project from where i got definitions for Packets. Let’s make it today.

A sample program can be downloaded from here.

Network sniffer is a kind of application that sniffs or captures the information in incoming and out going packets from your Machine. There are so many such applications. So i decided to make on my own. so i guess you to will think the same.

Here i have added definitions for following protocols

  • TCP
  • UDP
  • IP
  • DNS
  • others are named as unknown

The designing is very simple. Just put a list view and add four column namely

  • serial number
  • Version
  • Source Address
  • Destination Address A button and a text box, take some labels to show some message as shown in picture (along with the text box).
    The look will ne as
image

the process is coding is very simple.

We get the input as an IP address of the machines where sniffer has to be performed. We will create a socket and will bind that to that address and it’ll go in infinite loop capturing all packets.

the top level variables mean those which are out of any methods are as follows

        List<byte[]> bufs = new List<byte[]>();
        List<IpHeader> A_ipheader = new List<IpHeader>();
        Socket Scksnif;
        delegate void insertinto(object obj);
        bool is_Snifing = false;
        private byte[] byteData = new byte[4096];

Bool Is_Sniffing tells whether sniffer is working or not.

scksnif is our socket.

Delegate will be used for accessing the controls as we will be using threads.

The click event of button will be as this

private void toolStripButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
      {
          if (!is_Snifing && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtMachinesIP1.Text))
          {
              try
              {
                  is_Snifing=true;                  
                  Scksnif = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Raw, ProtocolType.IP);
                  Scksnif.Bind(new IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostByAddress(IPAddress.Parse(txtMachinesIP1.Text)).AddressList[0],0));
                  Scksnif.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IP, SocketOptionName.HeaderIncluded, true);
                  byte[] byTrue = new byte[4] { 1, 0, 0, 0 };
                  byte[] byOut = new byte[4] { 1, 0, 0, 0 };
                  Scksnif.IOControl(IOControlCode.ReceiveAll, byTrue, byOut);
                  this.toolStripButton2.Image = global::MyNWproject.Properties.Resources._48px_Process_stop_svg;
                  Scksnif.BeginReceive(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(Callback), null);
              }
              catch (Exception x) { MessageBox.Show(x.Message, "Error Reported", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); }
          }
          else
          {
              is_Snifing = false;
              this.toolStripButton2.Image = global::MyNWproject.Properties.Resources.btnStart;
              Scksnif.Close();
          }
      }

 

In above event we had checked for two condition whether sniffer is working or not and whether IP address textbox is empty.

when these conditions are true we’ll move inside a try block.

Initiate a socket instance. The constructor of socket class is overloaded.

It’ll take three arguments

Addressfamily is set to InterNetwork for supporting all IPv 4 type address what we are using.

SocketType has been set to Raw

ProtocolType has been set to IP we want our socket to support IP.

After this we binded the socket to the IPEndPoint (created by IP entered by user).

IPEndPoint is set to ‘0’ port number to take any available port.

Next to this socketOption is created.

SocketLevel set the option that to which protocol socket is to Apply. we have created this for IP

Two byte arrays are created for Input and out put.

Socket.Iocontrol set the operating mode of  socket using Codes.

next to this just changed the Image of tool strip button and next to that started receiving packets.

But how can it be so simple, Just an event must not be enough for capturing packets isn’t it. Now see carefully beginerecieve method takes some parameters among them one is Asynccallback, that takes a parameter which is a method. Bytedata will be out packet received.

Callback method is like this.

void Callback(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            try
            {
                int Nums = Scksnif.EndReceive(result);
                ParseData(byteData, Nums);
                if (is_Snifing)
                {
                    byteData = new byte[4096];
                    Scksnif.BeginReceive(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(Callback), null);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception x) { }
        }

 

Callback method takes a parameter named result of Type IAsyncResult which is an Interface.

Now Scksnif.EndReceive(result); ends pending async reads.the int returned by this will return the number of bytes received.

Parsedata method will create an instance of IPheader and will call a method that will perform filling data into the list view.

Rest of code is for re-beginning receiving  of data and hence calling callback recursively.

The Parse data method is As given below

void ParseData(byte[] buffer, int nums)
        {
            IpHeader ipheader = new IpHeader(buffer, nums);
            insertsniffdata_IP(ipheader);
        }


IPheader constructor takes two arguments the byte received and the number of bye received.

IPHeader Class is as.

class IpHeader
    {
         //IP Header fields
        private byte      byVersionAndHeaderLength;   //Eight bits for version and header length
        private byte      byDifferentiatedServices;    //Eight bits for differentiated services (TOS)
        private ushort    usTotalLength;              //Sixteen bits for total length of the datagram (header + message)
        private ushort    usIdentification;           //Sixteen bits for identification
        private ushort    usFlagsAndOffset;           //Eight bits for flags and fragmentation offset
        private byte      byTTL;                      //Eight bits for TTL (Time To Live)
        private byte      byProtocol;                 //Eight bits for the underlying protocol
        private short     sChecksum;                  //Sixteen bits containing the checksum of the header
                                                      //(checksum can be negative so taken as short)
        private uint      uiSourceIPAddress;          //Thirty two bit source IP Address
        private uint      uiDestinationIPAddress;     //Thirty two bit destination IP Address
        //End IP Header fields
        private byte      byHeaderLength;             //Header length
        private byte[]    byIPData = new byte[4096];  //Data carried by the datagram

        public IpHeader(byte[] byBuffer, int nReceived)
        {
            try
            {
                //Create MemoryStream out of the received bytes
                MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(byBuffer, 0, nReceived);
                //Next we create a BinaryReader out of the MemoryStream
                BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(memoryStream);

                //The first eight bits of the IP header contain the version and
                //header length so we read them
                byVersionAndHeaderLength = binaryReader.ReadByte();

                //The next eight bits contain the Differentiated services
                byDifferentiatedServices = binaryReader.ReadByte();

                //Next eight bits hold the total length of the datagram
                usTotalLength = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

                //Next sixteen have the identification bytes
                usIdentification = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

                //Next sixteen bits contain the flags and fragmentation offset
                usFlagsAndOffset = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

                //Next eight bits have the TTL value
                byTTL = binaryReader.ReadByte();

                //Next eight represnts the protocol encapsulated in the datagram
                byProtocol = binaryReader.ReadByte();

                //Next sixteen bits contain the checksum of the header
                sChecksum = IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

                //Next thirty two bits have the source IP address
                uiSourceIPAddress = (uint)(binaryReader.ReadInt32());

                //Next thirty two hold the destination IP address
                uiDestinationIPAddress = (uint)(binaryReader.ReadInt32());

                //Now we calculate the header length

                byHeaderLength = byVersionAndHeaderLength;
                //The last four bits of the version and header length field contain the
                //header length, we perform some simple binary airthmatic operations to
                //extract them
                byHeaderLength <<= 4;
                byHeaderLength >>= 4;
                //Multiply by four to get the exact header length
                byHeaderLength *= 4;

                //Copy the data carried by the data gram into another array so that
                //according to the protocol being carried in the IP datagram
                Array.Copy(byBuffer,
                           byHeaderLength,  //start copying from the end of the header
                           byIPData, 0,
                           usTotalLength - byHeaderLength);
            }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "MJsniffer", MessageBoxButtons.OK,
                MessageBoxIcon.Error);
        }
        }

        public string Version
        {
            get
            {
                //Calculate the IP version

                //The four bits of the IP header contain the IP version
                if ((byVersionAndHeaderLength >> 4) == 4)
                {
                    return "IP v4";
                }
                else if ((byVersionAndHeaderLength >> 4) == 6)
                {
                    return "IP v6";
                }
                else
                {
                    return "Unknown";
                }
            }
        }

        public string HeaderLength
        {
            get
            {
                return byHeaderLength.ToString();               
            }
        }

        public ushort MessageLength
        {
            get
            {
                //MessageLength = Total length of the datagram - Header length
                return (ushort)(usTotalLength - byHeaderLength);
            }
        }

        public string DifferentiatedServices
        {
            get
            {
                //Returns the differentiated services in hexadecimal format
                return string.Format ("0x{0:x2} ({1})", byDifferentiatedServices,
                    byDifferentiatedServices);
            }
        }

        public string Flags
        {
            get
            {
                //The first three bits of the flags and fragmentation field
                //represent the flags (which indicate whether the data is
                //fragmented or not)
                int nFlags = usFlagsAndOffset >> 13;
                if (nFlags == 2)
                {
                    return "Don't fragment";
                }
                else if (nFlags == 1)
                {
                    return "More fragments to come";
                }
                else
                {
                    return nFlags.ToString();
                }
            }
        }

        public string FragmentationOffset
        {
            get
            {
                //The last thirteen bits of the flags and fragmentation field
                //contain the fragmentation offset
                int nOffset = usFlagsAndOffset << 3;
                nOffset >>= 3;

                return nOffset.ToString();
            }
        }

        public string TTL
        {
            get
            {
                return byTTL.ToString();
            }
        }

        public Protocol ProtocolType
        {
            get
            {
                //The protocol field represents the protocol in the data portion
                //of the datagram
                if (byProtocol == 6)        //A value of six represents the TCP protocol
                {
                    return Protocol.TCP;
                }
                else if (byProtocol == 17)  //Seventeen for UDP
                {
                    return Protocol.UDP;
                }
                else
                {
                    return Protocol.Unknown;
                }
            }
        }

        public string Checksum
        {
            get
            {
                //Returns the checksum in hexadecimal format
                return string.Format ("0x{0:x2}", sChecksum);
            }
        }

        public IPAddress SourceAddress
        {
            get
            {
                return new IPAddress(uiSourceIPAddress);
            }
        }

        public IPAddress DestinationAddress
        {
            get
            {
                return new IPAddress(uiDestinationIPAddress);
            }
        }

        public string TotalLength
        {
            get
            {
                return usTotalLength.ToString();
            }
        }

        public string Identification
        {
            get
            {
                return usIdentification.ToString();
            }
        }

        public byte[] Data
        {
            get
            {
                return byIPData;
            }
        }

    }

This class is commented so i think no need to describe it.

Method insertsniffdata_IP is as given below

void insertsniffdata_IP(IpHeader ipheader)
      {
          if (listView1.InvokeRequired)
          {
              insertinto inst = new insertinto(insert);
              listView1.BeginInvoke(inst, ipheader);               
          }
      }

This method checks whether listview need the meain thread to be accessed and if then access it using Main thread only. insertinto was our delegate and insert is the method that feels the data into the listView.

Insert method is as given

void insert(object obj)
       {
           IpHeader ipheader = (IpHeader)obj;
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { global.ToString(), ipheader.Version, ipheader.SourceAddress.ToString(), ipheader.DestinationAddress.ToString() }));
           A_ipheader.Add(ipheader);
           global++;
       }

The various values inserted you can check from the the definition of IPheader class.

A_ipheader is a list of Ipheader we are adding current Ipheader to that. this way the index of values in row of listview and that of A_ipheader will be same.

Now Another feature of our sniffer. Its not actually a feature but it’ll become so messy if i would have put all the data over front listview so i decided to put detail information on another window.

Another window will contain a listview with two column

  • Property name
  • property valueWhenever user will click on any of row of listview of main window this window will appear.
    For this create a Double click event of ListView.
    The event will be as given below

private void listView1_DoubleClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
       {
           ListView l= (ListView) sender;
           DetailSnifer obj = new DetailSnifer();
           obj.ipheader1=(IpHeader) A_ipheader[l.SelectedItems[0].Index];
           obj.ShowDialog();
       }

Here we have created an instance of Detailsniffer class which will create our window that’ll show the detail values extracted by the sniffer.

Ipheader1 is an instance of IpHeader class created in DeatilSniffer class. we set that equal to current instance of Ipheader using selected row index (as index of listview and index of A_IpHeader corresponds to same instance of Ipheader, as told above).

The load event of DetailSniffer is as shown Below

private void DetailSnifer_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            IpHeader ipheader=(IpHeader) ipheader1;
            insert_ip(ipheader);
            switch (ipheader.ProtocolType)
            {
                case Protocol.TCP:
                    TCPHeader tcp= new TCPHeader(ipheader.Data,ipheader.Data.Length);
                    if (tcp.DestinationPort == "53" || tcp.SourcePort == "53")
                    {
                        insert_DNS(tcp.Data, (int)tcp.MessageLength);
                    }
                    insert_Tcp(tcp);
                    break;
                case Protocol.UDP:
                    UDPHeader udpHeader = new UDPHeader(ipheader.Data, ipheader.Data.Length);
                    if (udpHeader.DestinationPort == "53" || udpHeader.SourcePort == "53")
                    {

                        insert_DNS(udpHeader.Data,Convert.ToInt32(udpHeader.Length) - 8);                      
                    }
                    insert_UDP(udpHeader);
                    break;
                case Protocol.Unknown:
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

 

Here we have checked for which protocol is the ipheader corresponds to and extracted values according to that.

Insert methods used are as given below

Insert_Ip

void insert_ip(IpHeader ipheader)
       {
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Source", ipheader.SourceAddress.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Destintion", ipheader.DestinationAddress.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Version", ipheader.Version.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Differentiated Srvice", ipheader.DifferentiatedServices.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Total Length", ipheader.TotalLength.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Identification", ipheader.Identification.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Flags", ipheader.Flags.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Fragmentation", ipheader.FragmentationOffset.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "TTL", ipheader.TTL.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Data", Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ipheader.Data)}));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Protocol", ipheader.ProtocolType.ToString() }));
           listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Checksum", ipheader.Checksum.ToString() }));
           textBox1.Text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ipheader.Data).GetHashCode().ToString();

       }

insert_Tcp

void insert_Tcp(TCPHeader tcp)
        {
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Source Port", tcp.SourcePort.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Destination Port", tcp.DestinationPort.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Sequence Number", tcp.SequenceNumber.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Acknowledge Number", tcp.AcknowledgementNumber.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Header Length", tcp.HeaderLength.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Flags", tcp.Flags.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Window Size", tcp.WindowSize.ToString() }));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Check Sum", tcp.Checksum.ToString() }));
        }

 

insert_DNS

void insert_DNS(byte[] buffer, int nums)
        {
            DNSHeader dnsHeader = new DNSHeader(buffer, nums);                      
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Identification", dnsHeader.Identification}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Flags", dnsHeader.Flags}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Questions", dnsHeader.TotalQuestions}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Answer RRs", dnsHeader.TotalAnswerRRs}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Authority RRs", dnsHeader.TotalAuthorityRRs}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Additional RRs", dnsHeader.TotalAdditionalRRs }));
        }

insert_UDP

void insert_UDP(UDPHeader udpHeader)
        {
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Source Port", udpHeader.SourcePort}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Destination Port", udpHeader.DestinationPort}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Length", udpHeader.Length}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] {"Checksum", udpHeader.Checksum}));
            listView1.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(new string[] { "Data", Encoding.ASCII.GetString(udpHeader.Data) }));
        }

Definitions of various Protocol header classes are as shown below.

UDPHeader:

class UDPHeader
  {
      private ushort usSourcePort;            //Sixteen bits for the source port number       
      private ushort usDestinationPort;       //Sixteen bits for the destination port number
      private ushort usLength;                //Length of the UDP header
      private short sChecksum;                //Sixteen bits for the checksum
      //(checksum can be negative so taken as short)             
      //End UDP header fields

      private byte[] byUDPData = new byte[4096];  //Data carried by the UDP packet

      public UDPHeader(byte[] byBuffer, int nReceived)
      {
          MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(byBuffer, 0, nReceived);
          BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(memoryStream);

          //The first sixteen bits contain the source port
          usSourcePort = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

          //The next sixteen bits contain the destination port
          usDestinationPort = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

          //The next sixteen bits contain the length of the UDP packet
          usLength = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

          //The next sixteen bits contain the checksum
          sChecksum = IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

          //Copy the data carried by the UDP packet into the data buffer
          Array.Copy(byBuffer,
                     8,               //The UDP header is of 8 bytes so we start copying after it
                     byUDPData,
                     0,
                     nReceived - 8);
      }

      public string SourcePort
      {
          get
          {
              return usSourcePort.ToString();
          }
      }

      public string DestinationPort
      {
          get
          {
              return usDestinationPort.ToString();
          }
      }

      public string Length
      {
          get
          {
              return usLength.ToString();
          }
      }

      public string Checksum
      {
          get
          {
              //Return the checksum in hexadecimal format
              return string.Format("0x{0:x2}", sChecksum);
          }
      }

      public byte[] Data
      {
          get
          {
              return byUDPData;
          }
      }
  }

TCPHeader

class TCPHeader
   {
       //TCP header fields
       private ushort usSourcePort;              //Sixteen bits for the source port number
       private ushort usDestinationPort;         //Sixteen bits for the destination port number
       private uint uiSequenceNumber = 555;          //Thirty two bits for the sequence number
       private uint uiAcknowledgementNumber = 555;   //Thirty two bits for the acknowledgement number
       private ushort usDataOffsetAndFlags = 555;      //Sixteen bits for flags and data offset
       private ushort usWindow = 555;                  //Sixteen bits for the window size
       private short sChecksum = 555;                 //Sixteen bits for the checksum
       //(checksum can be negative so taken as short)
       private ushort usUrgentPointer;           //Sixteen bits for the urgent pointer
       //End TCP header fields

       private byte byHeaderLength;            //Header length
       private ushort usMessageLength;           //Length of the data being carried
       private byte[] byTCPData = new byte[4096];//Data carried by the TCP packet

       public TCPHeader(byte[] byBuffer, int nReceived)
       {
           try
           {
               MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(byBuffer, 0, nReceived);
               BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(memoryStream);

               //The first sixteen bits contain the source port
               usSourcePort = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

               //The next sixteen contain the destiination port
               usDestinationPort = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

               //Next thirty two have the sequence number
               uiSequenceNumber = (uint)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt32());

               //Next thirty two have the acknowledgement number
               uiAcknowledgementNumber = (uint)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt32());

               //The next sixteen bits hold the flags and the data offset
               usDataOffsetAndFlags = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

               //The next sixteen contain the window size
               usWindow = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

               //In the next sixteen we have the checksum
               sChecksum = (short)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

               //The following sixteen contain the urgent pointer
               usUrgentPointer = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

               //The data offset indicates where the data begins, so using it we
               //calculate the header length
               byHeaderLength = (byte)(usDataOffsetAndFlags >> 12);
               byHeaderLength *= 4;

               //Message length = Total length of the TCP packet - Header length
               usMessageLength = (ushort)(nReceived - byHeaderLength);

               //Copy the TCP data into the data buffer
               Array.Copy(byBuffer, byHeaderLength, byTCPData, 0, nReceived - byHeaderLength);
           }
           catch (Exception ex)
           {
               MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "MJsniff TCP" + (nReceived), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
           }
       }

       public string SourcePort
       {
           get
           {
               return usSourcePort.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string DestinationPort
       {
           get
           {
               return usDestinationPort.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string SequenceNumber
       {
           get
           {
               return uiSequenceNumber.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string AcknowledgementNumber
       {
           get
           {
               //If the ACK flag is set then only we have a valid value in
               //the acknowlegement field, so check for it beore returning
               //anything
               if ((usDataOffsetAndFlags & 0x10) != 0)
               {
                   return uiAcknowledgementNumber.ToString();
               }
               else
                   return "";
           }
       }

       public string HeaderLength
       {
           get
           {
               return byHeaderLength.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string WindowSize
       {
           get
           {
               return usWindow.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string UrgentPointer
       {
           get
           {
               //If the URG flag is set then only we have a valid value in
               //the urgent pointer field, so check for it beore returning
               //anything
               if ((usDataOffsetAndFlags & 0x20) != 0)
               {
                   return usUrgentPointer.ToString();
               }
               else
                   return "";
           }
       }

       public string Flags
       {
           get
           {
               //The last six bits of the data offset and flags contain the
               //control bits

               //First we extract the flags
               int nFlags = usDataOffsetAndFlags & 0x3F;

               string strFlags = string.Format("0x{0:x2} (", nFlags);

               //Now we start looking whether individual bits are set or not
               if ((nFlags & 0x01) != 0)
               {
                   strFlags += "FIN, ";
               }
               if ((nFlags & 0x02) != 0)
               {
                   strFlags += "SYN, ";
               }
               if ((nFlags & 0x04) != 0)
               {
                   strFlags += "RST, ";
               }
               if ((nFlags & 0x08) != 0)
               {
                   strFlags += "PSH, ";
               }
               if ((nFlags & 0x10) != 0)
               {
                   strFlags += "ACK, ";
               }
               if ((nFlags & 0x20) != 0)
               {
                   strFlags += "URG";
               }
               strFlags += ")";

               if (strFlags.Contains("()"))
               {
                   strFlags = strFlags.Remove(strFlags.Length - 3);
               }
               else if (strFlags.Contains(", )"))
               {
                   strFlags = strFlags.Remove(strFlags.Length - 3, 2);
               }

               return strFlags;
           }
       }

       public string Checksum
       {
           get
           {
               //Return the checksum in hexadecimal format
               return string.Format("0x{0:x2}", sChecksum);
           }
       }

       public byte[] Data
       {
           get
           {
               return byTCPData;
           }
       }

       public ushort MessageLength
       {
           get
           {
               return usMessageLength;
           }
       }
   }

DNSHeader

class DNSHeader
   {
       //DNS header fields
       private ushort usIdentification;        //Sixteen bits for identification
       private ushort usFlags;                 //Sixteen bits for DNS flags
       private ushort usTotalQuestions;        //Sixteen bits indicating the number of entries
       //in the questions list
       private ushort usTotalAnswerRRs;        //Sixteen bits indicating the number of entries
       //entries in the answer resource record list
       private ushort usTotalAuthorityRRs;     //Sixteen bits indicating the number of entries
       //entries in the authority resource record list
       private ushort usTotalAdditionalRRs;    //Sixteen bits indicating the number of entries
       //entries in the additional resource record list
       //End DNS header fields

       public DNSHeader(byte[] byBuffer, int nReceived)
       {
           MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(byBuffer, 0, nReceived);
           BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(memoryStream);

           //First sixteen bits are for identification
           usIdentification = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

           //Next sixteen contain the flags
           usFlags = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

           //Read the total numbers of questions in the quesion list
           usTotalQuestions = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

           //Read the total number of answers in the answer list
           usTotalAnswerRRs = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

           //Read the total number of entries in the authority list
           usTotalAuthorityRRs = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());

           //Total number of entries in the additional resource record list
           usTotalAdditionalRRs = (ushort)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(binaryReader.ReadInt16());
       }

       public string Identification
       {
           get
           {
               return string.Format("0x{0:x2}", usIdentification);
           }
       }

       public string Flags
       {
           get
           {
               return string.Format("0x{0:x2}", usFlags);
           }
       }

       public string TotalQuestions
       {
           get
           {
               return usTotalQuestions.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string TotalAnswerRRs
       {
           get
           {
               return usTotalAnswerRRs.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string TotalAuthorityRRs
       {
           get
           {
               return usTotalAuthorityRRs.ToString();
           }
       }

       public string TotalAdditionalRRs
       {
           get
           {
               return usTotalAdditionalRRs.ToString();
           }
       }
   }

So finally we are done.

Happy Sniffing.

please leave your comments and question and suggestions :)

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